Question

Background: I am using HtmlAgilityPack (.Net), so I’m forced to use XPath 1.0, which doesn’t have a lower-case implementation.

I am trying to find all the nodes that have an attribute which contains foo as a whole word.
Examples:

• “foo” match
• “my foo” match
• “foo bar” match
• “Foo” match
• “ifoo” no match
• “food” no match

This is what I have (there is also no ends-with in XPath 1.0…):

//*[@*[starts-with(.,'foo ') or contains(.,' foo ') or .='foo' or substring(.,string-length(.) - 3)=' foo']]

According to this, I can use this horrific method to lower-case the search criteria:

translate(.,'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ','abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz')

Finally, my question: How do I use the translate function, while keeping the expression as short and as readable as possible?

(Bonus: How do I share this between different expressions?)

Answer 1

Just use (summarized version of Tomalak’s answer):

//@*[contains(concat(' ', 
                     translate(normalize-space(), 'FOO', 'foo'), 
                     ' '), 
              ' foo '
              )
    ]

Warning:

Never insert into an XPath expression placeholder a string received by an unknown agent (end-user). This opens a gaping hole for XPath Injection attack.

The recomended practice is to have a compiled XPath expression and to pass the user-supplied string as parameter (or get them via a variable or function reference in the XPath expression) when the evaluation is done.