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Home/ Questions/Q 8169437
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Editorial Team
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Editorial Team
Asked: June 6, 20262026-06-06T20:50:54+00:00 2026-06-06T20:50:54+00:00

In JavaScript, what are window.opener , window.parent , and window.top , and when can

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In JavaScript, what are window.opener, window.parent, and window.top, and when can I use them?

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  1. Editorial Team
    Editorial Team
    2026-06-06T20:50:55+00:00Added an answer on June 6, 2026 at 8:50 pm
    • window.opener refers to the window that called window.open( ... ) to open the window from which it’s called
    • window.parent refers to the parent of a window in a <frame> or <iframe>
    • window.top refers to the top-most window from a window nested in one or more layers of <iframe> sub-windows

    Those will be null (or maybe undefined) when they’re not relevant to the referring window’s situation. (“Referring window” means the window in whose context the JavaScript code is run.)

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