Is there a way to, without tables, get three or four elements to align with each other like this:

I ask this because currently I am using tables, but the tables are refusing to allow me to make the “test” box a specific height, and make filler be the one that actually fills in the space. Currently, it will only allow filler to have a specified height, and requires that the “test” box fill in all remaining space. If you can find a way for me to set the height of the bottom row of a table, then I will accept that as an answer too, but I figured the best way to do this would probably be with css layouts
Yes. You can use a series of divs to mimic a table-like layout like in your screenshot.
For example, your HTML layout would be something like this:
Then you’d apply styling like so:
I’ve made a JSFiddle as an example. Basically you’re floating your “left column” on the left and letting your content exist on the right.