Question

A string can be initialised in two ways :

String s="ABCD";

OR

String s=new String("ABCD");

Are these two same or different ??
Again I have noticed that

String s="ABCD";
String z="ABCD";
boolean b=s.equals(z);

results in true but

String s=new String("ABCD");
String z=new String("ABCD");
boolean b=s.equals(z);

results in false.
Can anyone please explain me why this happens??

Answer 1

String s="ABCD";
String z="ABCD";

refer to the same Strings in memory pool.
Howewver

String s=new String("ABCD");
String z=new String("ABCD");

produce separate memory spaces for the Strings.
So the output is such.
This also answers your first question.