According to the documentation it only seems possible to authenticate against the windows azure service management API by attaching a certificate to each request which I previously have uploaded to the management portal.
The new management API has been built using the service management API, but it uses windows live authentication. Is it possible to use windows live to get the windows azure subscription ID and the certificate, so I can use the same authentication mechanism the management portal uses?
According to the documentation it only seems possible to authenticate against the windows azure
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What makes you think that the Service Management API uses Live ID for authentication? It is just the portal that uses Live ID for authentication.
If you dig a bit you will notice that all the service requests from the management portal are made against https://manage.windowsazure.com/Service while The Base URI for management service is: https://management.core.windows.net
So, No, you can’t authenticate against the Management API with Live ID. Moreover, it is the Management API is not new. The portal is New. The management API has been there for a while and is updated from time to time to reflect new services that are coming.
UPDATE AFTER THE 2 COMMENTS
Following Gaurav’s explanation I will just add a simple architecture diagram (super simplified and totally my thought, but this is how would I build it in very minimalistic way):
[User’s browser (portal)] ==> Sends XmlHttpRequest (AJAX) to ==> [Portal Service]
then
[Portal service backend] ==> signs request with predefined certificate and sends request to ==> [management.core.windows.net/subscription-id/whatever/service/command]
This actually is a very common practice to provide UI to a (web) service.
This way both conditions are implemented: