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After reading this – What does 'synchronized' mean? I was still unable to understand why StringBuffer would be slower than StringBuilder in a thread-safe environment. What extra time-consuming work does StringBuffer have to do that makes it slower?
There is some small overhead acquiring and releasing even an uncontended lock, and lock elision won’t work in
StringBuffereven if most instances are not used cross-thread because an instance could be.See http://book.javanb.com/java-threads-3rd/jthreads3-CHP-5-SECT-1.html for a description of what the VM has to do when acquiring and releasing locks.