Question

Below is a ES5 shim for JS binding.I dont understand self.apply in the bound function.
I know how to use apply method, but where is self pointing to in this case ? It it supposed to be a
function, but here self looks like an object.

if ( !Function.prototype.bind ) {

       Function.prototype.bind = function( obj ) {

        var slice = [].slice,
        args = slice.call(arguments, 1),
        self = this,

        nop = function () {},

        bound = function () {
        return self.apply( this instanceof nop ? this : ( obj || {} ), // self in this line is supposed  
        to // represent a function ?
        args.concat( slice.call(arguments) ) );
        };

        nop.prototype = self.prototype;
        bound.prototype = new nop();
        return bound;
        };
  }

Answer 1

Have in mind that in javascript almost everything is an object.

So you have it right there:

self = this

So, self is not representing anything, self is the instance.