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Can a machine send n network messages/packets (to n destinations), simultaneously? Is there a upper bound on level of parallelism and what affects network’s parallelism.
More specific, say there are 2 packets and four event, s1, r1 and s2, r2 denotes send/receive packet 1 and send/receive packet 2. When we send asynchronously (like s1, s2…r1,r2) and synchronously (s1…r1,s2…,r2), does it matter? Could total latency be shorten in the case of asynchronous send.
Yes, they can. A NIC just transmits the frames the driver tells it to, and does it as soon as it can. NICs don’t care about destinations.
Higher layers (e.g: TCP) are responsible for retransmissions, and have their own buffering. NICs usually can have several frames ready to be sent, but they stay little time in the NIC, as soon as the medium is free, and the NIC has transmitted a frame without collisions, it can take another frame ready for transmission.