Question

console java application. Someone kill java.exe process by Task Manager. How can I write to logs some information at this moment before application is terminated?

Thread.currentThread().setUncaughtExceptionHandler(new Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler() {
    public void uncaughtException(Thread t, Throwable e) { ..... }
}); 

OR

Runtime.getRuntime().addShutdownHook(new Thread() {
    public void run() { ..... }
});

don’t execute in such situation

Answer 1

This is not possible. Shutdown hooks will only be executed in an orderly shutdown:

In rare circumstances the virtual
machine may abort, that is, stop
running without shutting down cleanly.
This occurs when the virtual machine
is terminated externally, for example
with the SIGKILL signal on Unix or the
TerminateProcess call on Microsoft
Windows.

You can send another signal that will trigger an orderly shutdown like SIGINT. Killing a application should be the last resort after the application did not respond.