Does it impact performance to have classes that are not used for styling on elements?
E.g.:
<div class="translatable">...</div>
where .translatable is used to find all the elements that are going to have their content dynamically altered in certain situations.
These classes increase the document load time (more text = more time) and have a very tiny impact on the time required to interpret any class reference (I assume class names are in hashtables and an extra name could cause such a hashtable to be allocated a little larger).
So… there will be an impact, but unless your unused classes make up a significant percentage of your CSS, it will be hard to see or measure. I can’t see worrying about a single class.