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Asked: 2026-05-22T12:36:29+00:00

double radius = 5; double area = Math.PI * Math.pow(radius, 2); // System.out.println(area); BigDecimal

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double radius = 5;
double area = Math.PI * Math.pow(radius, 2);            
// System.out.println(area);

BigDecimal bd = new BigDecimal(area).setScale(2, HALF_UP);
// BigDecimal bd = new BigDecimal(area).setScale(2, ROUND_HALF_UP);
System.out.println(bd.toString());

The above output gets printed as 78.54, but if I perform the same operation via the calculator (windows calc interface) the output comes out as 78.57 (i.e. 22/7 * 25).

Why is there an inconsistency

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1 Answer

  1. Editorial Team

    Are you using 22/7 as an approximate value for PI? Because 22/7 is 3.142857142857... where PI is approximately 3.14159.... This explains your rounding inconsistencies.

    The approximation of PI that is used in the JVM is documented here. According to the JavaDoc, it is:

    The double value that is closer than any other to pi

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