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Editorial Team
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Asked: 2026-06-12T05:01:13+00:00

// EF (Model) project class EntityBase { } // base class for all types

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// EF (Model) project
class EntityBase { } // base class for all types
class Person : EntityBase // specific implementation for type Person

// ViewModel project
class EditableViewModel<T> where T : EntityBase // base class for all viewmodel types
class PersonViewModel : EditableViewModel<Person>
class CollectionViewModel<T> where T : EditableViewModel<EntityBase> // base class that handles CRUD operation on EditableViewModel<T> collections

// everything up to this point work. I am unable to create specific instance of CollectionViewModel<>
class AllPersonsViewModel : CollectionViewModel<PersonViewModel>

How can I achieve this?

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1 Answer

  1. Editorial Team

    You can do covariance easily enough if you’re willing to work with interfaces instead of classes. The following code compiles fine:

    class EntityBase { }
class Person : EntityBase {}

interface EditableViewModel<out T> where T : EntityBase {} // Must be an interface. "out" marks T as a covariant parameter
class PersonViewModel : EditableViewModel<Person> {}
class CollectionViewModel<T> where T : EditableViewModel<EntityBase> { }

class AllPersonsViewModel : CollectionViewModel<PersonViewModel> { }
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