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Home/ Questions/Q 6148913
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Editorial Team
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Editorial Team
Asked: May 23, 20262026-05-23T19:21:46+00:00 2026-05-23T19:21:46+00:00

Equality is supposed to be symmetric, right? Object someObject = new Object(); Object NULL

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Equality is supposed to be symmetric, right?

Object someObject = new Object();
Object NULL = null;

NULL.equals(someObject) => NullPointerException
someObject.equals(NULL) => false

What is the rationale for not having the second form throw a NullPointerException?

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  1. Editorial Team
    Editorial Team
    2026-05-23T19:21:47+00:00Added an answer on May 23, 2026 at 7:21 pm

    Equality is certainly defined to be symmetric in a theoretical sense, but it also isn’t defined at all on non-existent objects (which is what null represents).

    Hence any behaviour when applied to null would be equally valid. It could return a live rabbit and still not contradict the theoretical definition of equality.

    In such a case, it’s a pretty reasonable implementation decision on behalf of the designers of Java that calling equals on a null value should throw a NullPointerException, as that is consistent with calling any other method on a null value.

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