Question

Example:

var test = 'global value';

(function() {
    var test = 'local value';

    // how to get the 'global value' string
})();

Given the condition that the host environment is unknown, meaning that we cannot assume that the global object will be accessible via the window name. Also, the function is not allowed to receive any arguments!

Answer 1

The fix

var test = 'global value';

(function() {
    var test2 = 'local value';

    console.log(test);
})();

The real solution is to fix your code so your not shadowing global variables you care about.

Eval work around

You can always use global eval, it’s the most reliable.

Example

var test = 'global value';

function runEval(str) {
  return eval(str);
}

(function() {
    var test = 'local value';

    console.log(runEval("test"));
})();

If you don’t like defining a global eval you can use Function to do it indirectly

Live Example

var test = 'global value';

(function() {
    var test = 'local value';

    console.log(new Function ("return test;") () );
})();

Miscellaneous hacks

The following works in non strict mode

(function () {
  var test = "shadowed";

  console.log(this !== undefined && this.test);
})();

And this hack works in broken implementations

(function() {
    var test = 'local value';

    try { delete test; } catch (e) { }

    console.log(test);
})();