For deployment reasons, my development team is currently stuck with .NET 4.
However I would like to use the out-of-band EntityFramework.dll library (in order to use the DbContext API), but I have not been able to find any information regarding whether EntityFramework.dll v5 only targets .NET 4.5 or if it can work (albeit with reduced performance and features) on .NET 4.0.
In a nutshell: Can I use EntityFramework.dll 5 with .NET 4.0? Or should I use EntityFramework.dll 4.3?
The NuGet EntityFramework 5 package contains both Entity Framework 5.0 and Entity Framework 4.4 DLLs. If you include it in a .NET 4 project, you’ll get the 4.4 version. If you include it in a .NET 4.5 project, you’ll get the 5.0 version. As you suspected, 4.4 lacks some features that did make it into 5.0. You cannot use the 5.0 version in a .NET 4 project, but the 4.4 version will work just fine.