Given that MongoDB describes Replica-Pairs replication as
…databases automatically coordinate
which is the master and which is the
slave at a given point in time.At startup, the databases will
negotiate which is master and which is
slave. Upon an outage of one database
server, the other will automatically
take over and become master from that
point on.
how is this different from Master-Master replication?
With replica pairs, only one database is master at a time, so only one database can be written to at a time. The second database will always be a slave, available for failover,
With master-master replication, which is discouraged with MongoDB, both nodes can be written to.