How do I detect when a new computer has logged into my website?
The public IP address can be the same since you can share more than 1 computer via 1 internet connection.
I could use cookies but this will only detect a new browser not a new computer! 1 computer can have IE, firefox, chrome! Etc.
I expect (and hope) that this is impossible. If my browser is transmitting information that identifies my machine, then I want a new browser. Likewise, you should probably not be expecting to be able to receive such information.
Update
Seems like I have to update my expectations: https://panopticlick.eff.org/
You can use browser finger printing to do a pretty darn good job of distinguishing between computers that visit your site. It won’t be 100% perfect but not far short.