Question

HTTP request may be received in quick succession, for avoiding re-running the while protocol for each request, the server nonce may be re-used (timestamp for nonce to determine the window in which client request are valid) by the client for multiple requests.

What are pros and cons using this method?

Answer 1

The pros of re-using a nonce are that it does take less resources for maintaining and checking valid nonces and can avoid authentication failures for pipelined requests:

[…] the method
chosen for generating and checking the nonce also has performance and
resource implications. For example, a server may choose to allow
each nonce value to be used only once by maintaining a record of
whether or not each recently issued nonce has been returned and
sending a next-nonce directive in the Authentication-Info header
field of every response. This protects against even an immediate
replay attack, but has a high cost checking nonce values, and perhaps
more important will cause authentication failures for any pipelined
requests (presumably returning a stale nonce indication).

However, the cons are that replay attacks are more probable than with one-time nonces:

For applications where no possibility of replay attack can be
tolerated the server can use one-time nonce values which will not be
honored for a second use. This requires the overhead of the server
remembering which nonce values have been used until the nonce time-
stamp (and hence the digest built with it) has expired, but it
effectively protects against replay attacks.