Question

I am attempting to implement authentication for a REST service implemented in WCF and hosted on Azure. I am using HttpModule to handle the AuthenticationRequest, PostAuthenticationRequest and EndRequest events. If the Authorization header is missing or if the token contained therein is invalid, during EndRequest I am setting the StatusCode on the Response to 401. However, I have determined that EndRequest is called twice, and on the second call the response has already had headers set, causing the code which sets the StatusCode to throw an exception.

I added locks to Init() to ensure that the handler wasn’t being registered twice; still ran twice. Init() also ran twice, indicating that two instances of the HttpModule were being created. However, using Set Object ID in the VS debugger seems to indicate that the requests are actually different requests. I’ve verified in Fiddler that there is only one request being issued to my service from the browser.

If I switch to using global.asax routing instead of depending on the WCF service host configuration, the handler is only called once and everything works fine.

If I add configuration to the system.web configuration section as well as the system.webServer configuration section in Web.config, the handler is only called once and everything works fine.

So I have mitigations, but I really dislike behavior I don’t understand. Why does the handler get called twice?

Here is a minimal repro of the problem:

Web.config:

  <system.web>
    <compilation debug="true" targetFramework="4.0" />
    <!--<httpModules>
      <add name="AuthModule" type="TestWCFRole.AuthModule, TestWCFRole"/>
    </httpModules>-->
  </system.web>
  <system.serviceModel>
    <behaviors>
      <endpointBehaviors>
        <behavior name="WebBehavior">
          <webHttp/>
        </behavior>
      </endpointBehaviors>
      <serviceBehaviors>
        <behavior>
          <!-- To avoid disclosing metadata information, set the value below to false and remove the metadata endpoint above before deployment -->
          <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true" />
          <!-- To receive exception details in faults for debugging purposes, set the value below to true.  Set to false before deployment to avoid disclosing exception information -->
          <serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="true"/>
        </behavior>
      </serviceBehaviors>
    </behaviors>
    <serviceHostingEnvironment multipleSiteBindingsEnabled="true" aspNetCompatibilityEnabled="true" />
    <services>
      <service name="TestWCFRole.Service1">
        <endpoint binding="webHttpBinding" name="RestEndpoint" contract="TestWCFRole.IService1" bindingConfiguration="HttpSecurityBinding" behaviorConfiguration="WebBehavior"/>
        <host>
          <baseAddresses>
            <add baseAddress="http://localhost/" />
          </baseAddresses>
        </host>
      </service>
    </services>
    <standardEndpoints>
      <webHttpEndpoint>
        <standardEndpoint name="" helpEnabled="true" automaticFormatSelectionEnabled="true"/>
      </webHttpEndpoint>
    </standardEndpoints>
    <bindings>
      <webHttpBinding>
        <binding name="HttpSecurityBinding" >
          <security mode="None" />
        </binding>
      </webHttpBinding>
    </bindings>
  </system.serviceModel>
  <system.webServer>
    <modules runAllManagedModulesForAllRequests="true">
      <add name="AuthModule" type="TestWCFRole.AuthModule, TestWCFRole"/>
    </modules>
    <directoryBrowse enabled="true"/>
  </system.webServer>

Http module:

using System;
using System.Web;

namespace TestWCFRole
{
    public class AuthModule : IHttpModule
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// You will need to configure this module in the web.config file of your
        /// web and register it with IIS before being able to use it. For more information
        /// see the following link: http://go.microsoft.com/?linkid=8101007
        /// </summary>
        #region IHttpModule Members

        public void Dispose()
        {
            //clean-up code here.
        }

        public void Init(HttpApplication context)
        {
            // Below is an example of how you can handle LogRequest event and provide 
            // custom logging implementation for it
            context.EndRequest += new EventHandler(OnEndRequest);
        }

        #endregion

        public void OnEndRequest(Object source, EventArgs e)
        {
            HttpContext.Current.Response.StatusCode = 401;
        }
    }
}

Answer 1

Sorry no clue to why it could be called twice, however EndRequest can end up being called for multiple reasons. request finished, request was aborted, some error happened. So i wouldn’t put my trust in assuming that if you get there, you actually have a 401, it could be for other reasons.

I’d just keep my logic in the AuthenticateRequest pipeline:

    public class AuthenticationModule : IHttpModule
    {
        public void Dispose() { }

        public void Init(HttpApplication context)
        {
            context.AuthenticateRequest += Authenticate;
        }

        public static void Authenticate(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            // authentication logic here            
            //.............

            if (authenticated) {
                HttpContext.Current.User = new System.Security.Principal.GenericPrincipal(myUser, myRoles);
            }

            // failure logic here           
            //.............         
        }
    }