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Home/ Questions/Q 178177
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Asked: May 11, 20262026-05-11T14:11:08+00:00 2026-05-11T14:11:08+00:00

I am having a difficult time deciding how to handle a business requirement in

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I am having a difficult time deciding how to handle a business requirement in my database schema. I have a lot of tables in the database, but there are only three I need to deal with for this problem: Courses, PersonnelCourses, and Personnel.

  • Courses is a list of Courses
  • Personel is a list of Personnel
  • PersonnelCourses is a list of Courses that Personnel have taken.

In courses there is a column called Universal. If a course is universal, that means all Personnel must take that course.

I need to generate a list of all the universal courses that Personnel must take, but the only way I am able to generate this list is with a cross join / cartesian join:

select P.LastName, C.Name from Courses C, Personnel P where Universal = 1

From that I want to do a left join onto PersonnelCourses so that I can have a list of all the Personnel and the Courses they must take as well as the courses they have taken. I’m thinking this would all be easier if there was a many to many table between Personnel and Courses. But if all Personnel are going to be in this middle table anyway, isn’t that a bit redundant?

Is there a better way to handle this?

Much appreciated,

-Matt

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  1. 2026-05-11T14:11:09+00:00Added an answer on May 11, 2026 at 2:11 pm

    There is a list of courses that everybody has to take. Why not just take this list and work with it, instead of repeating the same list for every personnel row? I don’t understand why you are trying to multiply your result set.

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