Question

I am trying to trace the path of a node in a binary tree (not a binary search tree). Given a node, I am trying to print the values of the path from the root.

I have written the following program.

package dsa.tree;

import java.util.Stack;

public class TracePath {
    private Node n1;

    public static void main(String args[]){
        TracePath nodeFinder = new TracePath();
        nodeFinder.find();
    }

    public void find(){
        Tree t = getSampleTree();
        tracePath(t,n1);
    }

    private Tree getSampleTree() {
        Tree bsTree = new BinarySearchTree();
        int randomData[] = {43,887,11,3,8,33,6,0,46,32,78,76,334,45};
        for(int i=0;i<randomData.length;i++){
            bsTree.add(randomData[i]);
        }
        n1 = bsTree.search(76);
        return bsTree;
    }

    public void tracePath(Tree t, Node node){
        trace(t,node);
    }

    Stack<Node> mainStack = new Stack<Node>();

    public void trace(Tree t, Node node){
        trace(t.getRoot(),node);
    }

    private void trace(Node parent, Node node){
        mainStack.push(parent);
        if(node.data == parent.data){
            for(Node iNode:mainStack){
                System.out.println(iNode.data);
            }
            return;
        }
        if(parent.left != null){
            trace(parent.left, node);
        }
        if(parent.right!=null){
            trace(parent.right, node);
        }
        mainStack.pop();
    }
}

I am getting the output properly. But its kind of messy. If you see the method trace(Node, Node), I am printing the values which I should not do. I want the trace method to properly complete. At least, I should kill the recursive structure at the stage i encounter the if condition.

Please advise.

Answer 1

Okay, you need to kill the recursion once you find your node. Simple enough. Change your trace method to return a boolean telling us if the node was found. That way, we go right back up the tree immediately after finding the node.

private boolean trace(Node parent, Node node){
    mainStack.push(parent);
    if(node.data == parent.data){
        for(Node iNode:mainStack){
            System.out.println(iNode.data);
        }
        return true;
    }
    if(parent.left != null){
        if (trace(parent.left, node)) return true;
    }
    if(parent.right!=null){
        if (trace(parent.right, node)) return true;
    }
    mainStack.pop();
    return false;
}