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Editorial Team
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Asked: 2026-05-11T17:08:38+00:00

I come from PHP world, where declaring a function in the middle of a

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I come from PHP world, where declaring a function in the middle of a php page is pretty simple.
I tried to do the same in JSP:

public String getQuarter(int i){
String quarter;
switch(i){
    case 1: quarter = "Winter";
    break;

    case 2: quarter = "Spring";
    break;

    case 3: quarter = "Summer I";
    break;

    case 4: quarter = "Summer II";
    break;

    case 5: quarter = "Fall";
    break;

    default: quarter = "ERROR";
}

return quarter;
}

I get the following error:

An error occurred at line: 20 in the jsp file: /headers.jsp
Illegal modifier for the variable getQuarter; only final is permitted return;
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1 Answer

  1. Editorial Team

    You need to enclose that in <%! %> as follows:

    <%!

public String getQuarter(int i){
String quarter;
switch(i){
        case 1: quarter = "Winter";
        break;

        case 2: quarter = "Spring";
        break;

        case 3: quarter = "Summer I";
        break;

        case 4: quarter = "Summer II";
        break;

        case 5: quarter = "Fall";
        break;

        default: quarter = "ERROR";
}

return quarter;
}

%>

    You can then invoke the function within scriptlets or expressions:

    <%
     out.print(getQuarter(4));
%>

    or

    <%= getQuarter(17) %>
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