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I executed the command ‘sudo chmod -x /’ in terminal emulator(running on X) out of curiosity. And found out that I couldn’t do any more except switched to console and logged in with root user and changed the permission back. But how could I manage to make it since I didn’t have execution permission of the root directory?
Because the root user on Linux possesses a capability (
CAP_DAC_READ_SEARCH) that gives search permission on every directory, even if the filesystem says it’s -x.