I have scripts that have one-liners or sort scripts from other languages within them. How can I have LaTeX listings detect this and change the syntax formating language within the script? This would be especially useful for awk within bash I believe.
Bash
#!/bin/bash
echo "hello world"
R --vanilla << EOF
# Data on motor octane ratings for various gasoline blends
x <- c(88.5,87.7,83.4,86.7,87.5,91.5,88.6,100.3,
95.6,93.3,94.7,91.1,91.0,94.2,87.5,89.9,
88.3,87.6,84.3,86.7,88.2,90.8,88.3,98.8,
94.2,92.7,93.2,91.0,90.3,93.4,88.5,90.1,
89.2,88.3,85.3,87.9,88.6,90.9,89.0,96.1,
93.3,91.8,92.3,90.4,90.1,93.0,88.7,89.9,
89.8,89.6,87.4,88.9,91.2,89.3,94.4,92.7,
91.8,91.6,90.4,91.1,92.6,89.8,90.6,91.1,
90.4,89.3,89.7,90.3,91.6,90.5,93.7,92.7,
92.2,92.2,91.2,91.0,92.2,90.0,90.7)
x
length(x)
mean(x);var(x)
stem(x)
EOF
perl -n -e '
@t = split(/\t/);
%t2 = map { $_ => 1 } split(/,/,$t[1]);
$t[1] = join(",",keys %t2);
print join("\t",@t); ' knownGeneFromUCSC.txt
awk -F'\t' '{
n = split($2, t, ","); _2 = x
split(x, _) # use delete _ if supported
for (i = 0; ++i <= n;)
_[t[i]]++ || _2 = _2 ? _2 "," t[i] : t[i]
$2 = _2
}-3' OFS='\t' infile
Python
#!/usr/local/bin/python
print "Hello World"
os.system("""
VAR=even;
sed -i "s/$VAR/odd/" testfile;
for i in `cat testfile` ;
do echo $i; done;
echo "now the tr command is removing the vowels";
cat testfile |tr 'aeiou' ' '
""")
UPDATE:
These are my current Listings settings in the preamble:
% This gives syntax highlighting in the python environment
\renewcommand{\lstlistlistingname}{Code Listings}
\renewcommand{\lstlistingname}{Code Listing}
\definecolor{gray}{gray}{0.5}
\definecolor{key}{rgb}{0,0.5,0}
\lstloadlanguages{Fortran,C++,C,[LaTeX]TeX,Python,bash,R, Perl}
\lstnewenvironment{python}[1][]{
\lstset{
language=python,
basicstyle=\ttfamily\small,
otherkeywords={1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 ,9 , 0, -, =, +, [, ], (, ), \{, \}, :, *, !},
keywordstyle=\color{blue},
stringstyle=\color{red},
showstringspaces=false,
emph={class, pass, in, for, while, if, is, elif, else, not, and, or,
def, print, exec, break, continue, return},
emphstyle=\color{black}\bfseries,
emph={[2]True, False, None, self},
emphstyle=[2]\color{key},
emph={[3]from, import, as},
emphstyle=[3]\color{blue},
upquote=true,
morecomment=[s]{"""}{"""},
commentstyle=\color{gray}\slshape,
rulesepcolor=\color{blue},#1
}
}{}
\lstnewenvironment{bash}{%
\lstset{%
language=bash,
otherkeywords={=, +, [, ], (, ), \{, \}, *},
% bash commands from:
%http://www.math.montana.edu/Rweb/Rhelp/00Index.html
emph={addgroup,adduser,alias,
ant,
apropos,apt-get,aptitude,aspell,awk,
basename,bash,bc,bg,break,builtin,bzip2,cal,case,cat,cd,cfdisk,chgrp,
chkconfig,chmod,chown,chroot,cksum,clear,cmp,comm,command,continue,
cp,cron,crontab,csplit,cut,date,dc,dd,ddrescue,declare,df,diff,diff3,
dig,dir,dircolors,dirname,dirs,dmesg,du,echo,egrep,eject,enable,env,
ethtool,eval,exec,exit,expand,expect,export,expr,false,fdformat,
fdisk,fg,fgrep,file,find,fmt,fold,for,format,free,fsck,ftp,function,
fuser,gawk,getopts,
git,
grep,groups,gzip,
gunzip,
,hash,head,help,history,hostname,
id,if,ifconfig,ifdown,ifup,import,install,
java, java6, java_cur
join,kill,killall,less,
let,ln,local,locate,logname,logout,look,lpc,lpr,lprint,lprintd,
lprintq,lprm,ls,lsof,make,man,mkdir,mkfifo,mkisofs,mknod,mmv,more,
mount,mtools,mtr,mv,
mysql,
netstat,nice,nl,nohup,notify-send,
noweb,noweave,
nslookup,op,
open,passwd,paste,pathchk,ping,pkill,popd,pr,printcap,printenv,
printf,ps,pushd,pwd,quota,quotacheck,quotactl,ram,rcp,read,
readarray,readonly,reboot,remsync,rename,renice,return,rev,rm,rmdir,
rsync,scp,screen,sdiff,sed,select,seq,set,sftp,shift,shopt,shutdown,
sleep,slocate,sort,source,split,ssh,strace,su,sudo,sum,
svn, svn2git,
symlink,sync,
tail,tar,tee,test,time,times,top,touch,tr,traceroute,trap,true,
tsort,tty,type,ulimit,umask,umount,unalias,uname,unexpand,uniq,
units,
unrar,
unset,unshar,until,useradd,usermod,users,uudecode,uuencode,
vdir,vi,vmstat,watch,wc,Wget,whereis,which,while,who,whoami,write,
zcat},
breaklines=true,
keywordstyle=\color{blue},
stringstyle=\color{red},
emphstyle=\color{black}\bfseries,
commentstyle=\color{gray}\slshape,
}
}{}
\lstnewenvironment{latexCode}[1]{\lstset{language=[latex]tex} \lstset{#1}}{}
\lstnewenvironment{Rcode}{
\lstset{%
language={R},
basicstyle=\small, % print whole listing small
keywordstyle=\color{black}, % style for keyword
% Function list from:
% http://www.math.montana.edu/Rweb/Rhelp/00Index.html
emph={abbreviate, abline,
abs, acos, acosh, all, all.names,
all.vars, anova, anova.glm, anova.lm, any,
aperm, append, apply, approx, approxfun,
apropos, Arg, args, Arithmetic, array,
arrows, as.array, as.call, as.character, as.complex,
as.data.frame, as.double, as.expression, as.factor, asin,
asinh, as.integer, as.list, as.logical, as.matrix,
as.na, as.name, as.null, as.numeric, as.ordered,
as.qr, as.real, assign, as.ts, as.vector,
atan, atan2, atanh, attach, attr,
attributes, autoload, .AutoloadEnv, axis, backsolve,
barplot, beta, binomial, box, boxplot,
boxplot.stats, break, browser, bw.bcv, bw.sj,
bw.ucv, bxp, c, .C, call,
cat, cbind, ceiling, character, charmatch,
chisq.test, chol, chol2inv, choose, class,
class<-, codes, coef, coefficients, coefficients.glm,
coefficients.lm, co.intervals, col, colnames, colors,
colours, Comparison, complete.cases, complex, Conj,
contour, contrasts, contr.helmert, contr.poly, contr.sum,
contr.treatment, convolve, cooks.distance, coplot, cor,
cos, cosh, count.fields, cov, covratio,
crossprod, cummax, cummin, cumprod, cumsum,
curve, cut, D, data, data.class,
data.entry, dataentry, data.frame, data.matrix, dbeta,
dbinom, dcauchy, dchisq, de, debug,
delay, demo, de.ncols, density, deparse,
de.restore, deriv, deriv.default, deriv.formula, de.setup,
detach, deviance, deviance.glm, deviance.lm, device,
Devices, dev.off, dexp, df, dfbetas,
dffits, df.residual, df.residual.glm, df.residual.lm, dgamma,
dgeom, dget, dhyper, diag, diff,
digamma, dim, dim<-, dimnames, dimnames<-,
dlnorm, dlogis, dnbinom, dnchisq, dnorm,
do.call, dotplot, double, dpois, dput,
drop, dt, dump, dunif, duplicated,
dweibull, dyn.load, edit, effects.glm, effects.lm,
eigen, else, emacs, end, environment,
environment<-, eval, exists, exp, expression,
Extract, factor, family, family.glm, fft,
finite, fitted, fitted.values, fitted.values.glm, fitted.values.lm,
fivenum, fix, floor, for, formals,
format, formatC, format.default, formula.default, formula.formula,
formula.terms, .Fortran, frame, frequency, function,
Gamma, gamma, gaussian, gc, gcinfo,
get, getenv, gl, glm, glm.control,
glm.fit, .GlobalEnv, graphics.off, gray, grep,
grid, gsub, hat, heat.colors, help,
hist, hsv, identify, if, ifelse,
Im, image, \%in\%, influence.measures, inherits,
integer, interactive, .Internal, inverse.gaussian, invisible,
invisible, IQR, is.array, is.atomic, is.call,
is.character, is.complex, is.data.frame, is.double, is.environment,
is.expression, is.factor, is.function, is.integer, is.language,
is.list, is.loaded, is.logical, is.matrix, is.na,
is.name, is.null, is.numeric, is.ordered, is.qr,
is.real, is.recursive, is.single, is.ts, is.unordered,
is.vector, lapply, lbeta, lchoose, legend,
length, LETTERS, letters, levels, levels<-,
lgamma, .lib.loc, .Library, library, library.dynam,
license, lines, lines.default, list, lm,
lm.fit, lm.influence, lm.wfit, load, locator,
log, log10, log2, Logic, logical,
lower.tri, lowess, ls, ls.diag, lsfit,
lsf.str, ls.print, ls.str, .Machine, Machine,
machine, macintosh, mad, match, match.arg,
match.call, matlines, mat.or.vec, matplot, matpoints,
matrix, max, mean, median, menu,
methods, min, missing, Mod, mode,
mode<-, model.frame, model.frame.default, model.matrix, model.matrix.default,
month.abb, month.name, mtext, mvfft, NA,
na.action, na.action.default, na.fail, names, na.omit,
nargs, nchar, NCOL, ncol, next,
NextMethod, nextn, nlevels, nlm, [.noquote,
noquote, NROW, nrow, NULL, numeric,
objects, on.exit, optimize, options, order,
ordered, outer, pairs, palette, par,
parse, paste, pbeta, pbinom, pcauchy,
pchisq, pentagamma, pexp, pf, pgamma,
pgeom, phyper, pi, pictex, piechart,
plnorm, plogis, plot, plot.default, plot.density,
plot.ts, plot.xy, pmatch, pmax, pmin,
pnbinom, pnchisq, pnorm, points, points.default,
poisson, polygon, polyroot, postscript, ppoints,
ppois, pretty, print, print.anova.glm, print.anova.lm,
print.data.frame, print.default, print.density, print.formula, print.glm,
print.lm, print.noquote, print.plot, print.summary.glm, print.summary.lm,
print.terms, print.ts, proc.time, prod, prompt,
prompt.default, prop.test, provide, .Provided, ps.options,
pt, punif, pweibull, q, qbeta,
qbinom, qcauchy, qchisq, qexp, qf,
qgamma, qgeom, qhyper, qlnorm, qlogis,
qnbinom, qnchisq, qnorm, qpois, qqline,
qqnorm, qqplot, qr, qr.coef, qr.fitted,
qr.Q, qr.qty, qr.qy, qr.R, qr.resid,
qr.solve, qr.X, qt, quantile, quasi,
quit, qunif, quote, qweibull, rainbow,
.Random.seed, range, rank, rbeta, rbind,
rbinom, rcauchy, rchisq, Re, readline,
read.table, real, rect, remove, rep,
repeat, replace, require, resid, residuals,
residuals.glm, residuals.lm, return, rev, rexp,
rf, rgamma, rgb, rgeom, rhyper,
RLIBS, rlnorm, rlogis, rm, rnbinom,
rnchisq, rnorm, round, row, row.names,
rownames, rpois, rstudent, rt, runif,
rweibull, sample, sapply, save, save.plot,
scale, scan, sd, segments, seq,
sequence, sign, signif, sin, sinh,
sink, solve, solve.qr, sort, source,
spline, splinefun, split, sqrt, start,
stem, stop, storage.mode, storage.mode<-, str,
str.data.frame, str.default, strheight, stripplot, strsplit,
structure, strwidth, sub, Subscript, substitute,
substr, substring, sum, summary, summary.glm,
summary.lm, svd, sweep, switch, symbol.C,
symbol.For, symnum, sys.call, sys.calls, sys.frame,
sys.frames, sys.function, sys.nframe, sys.on.exit, sys.parent,
sys.parents, system, system.date, system.time, t,
table, tabulate, tan, tanh, tapply,
tempfile, terms, terms.default, terms.formula, terms.terms,
terrain.colors, tetragamma, text, time, title,
topo.colors, trace, traceback, trigamma, trunc,
ts, tsp, t.test, typeof, unclass,
undebug, unique, uniroot, unlink, unlist,
untrace, update, update.formula, update.glm, update.lm,
upper.tri, UseMethod, var, vector, Version,
version, vi, warning, weighted.mean, weights.lm,
while, window, windows, write, x11,
xedit, xemacs, xinch, xor, xy.coords,
yinch}, % define a list of word to emphasis
stringstyle=\color{red},
emphstyle=\color{black}\bfseries, % define the way to emphase
showspaces=false, % show the space in code, or not
stringstyle=\ttfamily, % style of the string (like "hello word")
showstringspaces=false, % show the space in string, on not #1
commentstyle=\color{gray}\slshape,
tabsize=2, % sets default tabsize to 2 spaces
breaklines=true, % sets automatic line breaking
breakatwhitespace=false, % sets if automatic breaks should only happen at whitespace
}
}{}
\lstnewenvironment{Perl}{
\lstset{%
language={perl},
basicstyle=\small, % print whole listing small
keywordstyle=\color{black}, % style for keyword
emph={% From http://www.sdsc.edu/~moreland/courses/IntroPerl/docs/manual/pod/perlfunc.html
-X, run, abs, absolute, accept, accept, alarm, schedule, atan2,
arctangent, bind, binds, binmode, prepare, bless, create, caller,
get, chdir, change, chmod, changes, chomp, remove, chop, remove,
chown, change, chr, get, chroot, make, close, close, closedir, close,
connect, connect, continue, optional, cos, cosine, crypt, one-way,
dbmclose, breaks, dbmopen, create, defined, test, delete, deletes,
die, raise, do, turn, dump, create, each, retrieve, endgrent, be,
endhostent, be, endnetent, be, endprotoent, be, endpwent, be,
endservent, be, eof, test, eval, catch, exec, abandon, exists, test,
exit, terminate, exp, raise, fcntl, file, fileno, return, flock,
lock, fork, create, format, declare, formline, internal, getc, get,
getgrent, get, getgrgid, get, getgrnam, get, gethostbyaddr, get,
gethostbyname, get, gethostent, get, getlogin, return, getnetbyaddr,
get, getnetbyname, get, getnetent, get, getpeername, find, getpgrp,
get, getppid, get, getpriority, get, getprotobyname, get,
getprotobynumber, get, getprotoent, get, getpwent, get, getpwnam,
get, getpwuid, get, getservbyname, get, getservbyport, get,
getservent, get, getsockname, retrieve, getsockopt, get, glob,
expand, gmtime, convert, goto, create, grep, locate, hex, convert,
import, patch, int, get, ioctl, system-dependent, join, join, keys,
retrieve, kill, send, last, exit, lc, return, lcfirst, return,
length, return, link, create, listen, register, local, create,
localtime, convert, log, retrieve, lstat, stat, m//, match, map,
apply, mkdir, create, msgctl, SysV, msgget, get, msgrcv, receive,
msgsnd, send, my, declare, next, iterate, no, unimport, oct, convert,
open, open, opendir, open, ord, find, pack, convert, package,
declare, pipe, open, pop, remove, pos, find, print, output, printf,
output, prototype, get, push, append, q/STRING/, singly, qq/STRING/,
doubly, quotemeta, quote, qw/STRING/, quote, qx/STRING/, backquote,
rand, retrieve, read, fixed-length, readdir, get, readlink,
determine, recv, receive, redo, start, ref, find, rename, change,
require, load, reset, clear, return, get, reverse, flip, rewinddir,
reset, rindex, right-to-left, rmdir, remove, s///, replace, scalar,
force, seek, reposition, seekdir, reposition, select, reset, semctl,
SysV, semget, get, semop, SysV, send, send, setgrent, prepare,
sethostent, prepare, setnetent, prepare, setpgrp, set, setpriority,
set, setprotoent, prepare, setpwent, prepare, setservent, prepare,
setsockopt, set, shift, remove, shmctl, SysV, shmget, get, shmread,
read, shmwrite, write, shutdown, close, sin, return, sleep, block,
socket, create, socketpair, create, sort, sort, splice, add, split,
split, sprintf, formatted, sqrt, square, srand, seed, stat, get,
study, optimize, sub, declare, substr, get, symlink, create, syscall,
execute, sysread, fixed-length, system, run, syswrite, fixed-length,
tell, get, telldir, get, tie, bind, time, return, times, return,
tr///, transliterate, truncate, shorten, uc, return, ucfirst, return,
umask, set, undef, remove, unlink, remove, unpack, convert, unshift,
prepend, untie, break, use, load, utime, set, values, return, vec,
test, wait, wait, waitpid, wait, wantarray, get, warn, print, write,
print, y///, transliterate}, % define a list of word to emphasis
stringstyle=\color{red},
emphstyle=\color{black}\bfseries, % define the way to emphase
showspaces=false, % show the space in code, or not
stringstyle=\ttfamily, % style of the string (like "hello word")
showstringspaces=false, % show the space in string, on not #1
commentstyle=\color{gray}\slshape,
tabsize=2, % sets default tabsize to 2 spaces
breaklines=true, % sets automatic line breaking
breakatwhitespace=false, % sets if automatic breaks should only happen at whitespace
}
}{}
\lstnewenvironment{plaintext}{
\lstset{
tabsize=2, % sets default tabsize to 2 spaces
breaklines=true, % sets automatic line breaking
breakatwhitespace=false, % sets if automatic breaks should only happen at whitespace
basicstyle=\normalfont\ttfamily,
}
}{}
It is almost certainly easier to modify the Bash/Python highlighters than to write a context-sensitive highlighter. I’m guessing that just adding the keywords to the other highlighters should give acceptable results.
Modifying Pygments doesn’t look too difficult, from Pygments’ Write your own lexer documentation.