Question

i have the following table data in ms sql server table name category

and the problem is that i want to get the data of grand parent,parent,siblings,child and sub child and self.

i hope you get my point , if need any more clarification from my requirement i can edit my question just put a comment below.

as far about my try i searched stackoverflow and i found a lot of examples of getting full hierarchical data using parent but don’t find anything which is related to pass the child and get parent, sub child and self.

I am also open for the solution which provide me solution using linq because then i can take complete data in Category and can use linq their on .cs page.

Edit :
if i pass the 7 which is heritage CategoryId then the query should returns the following rows

Answer 1

The answer is to use a recusive “Common Table Expression”, or CTE. This allows you to build the structure of your hierarchy. Below is an example, modified to match your structure, based on this page: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms186243.aspx

WITH CategoryStructured (ParentCategoryID, CategoryID, Description, Status, Level) 
AS 
( 
-- Anchor member definition 
SELECT c.ParentCategoryID, c.CategoryID, c.Description, c.Status, 
0 AS Level 
FROM Category AS c 
WHERE c.ParentCategoryID=0 
UNION ALL 
-- Recursive member definition 
SELECT c.ParentCategoryID, c.CategoryID, c.Description, c.Status, 
Level + 1 
FROM Category AS c 

INNER JOIN CategoryStructured AS c_parent 
ON c.ParentCategoryID = c_parent.CategoryID 
) 
-- Statement that executes the CTE 
SELECT distinct cs.ParentCategoryID, cs.CategoryID, cs.Description, cs.Status, cs.Level 
FROM 
CategoryStructured cs, 


(SELECT level,ParentCategoryID,CategoryID from CategoryStructured WHERE (categoryID = 4) OR (level = 1 AND parentCategoryID = 4)) as thisCategory 


WHERE cs.level BETWEEN thisCategory.level - 1 AND thisCategory.level+1 
AND ((thisCategory.level != 0 AND cs.ParentCategoryID = thisCategory.ParentCategoryID) 
OR cs.categoryID = thisCategory.ParentCategoryID 
OR cs.ParentCategoryID = thisCategory.CategoryID 
OR cs.CategoryID = thisCategory.CategoryID)

Updated to reflect your updated question.

edit I know you were able to get the above basically working for you with the added distinct, but I thought of a better way to handle this after I left chat:

WITH CategoryStructured (ParentCategoryID, CategoryID, Description, Status, Level)
AS
(
-- Anchor member definition
    SELECT c.ParentCategoryID, c.CategoryID, c.Description, c.Status, 
        0 AS Level
    FROM Categories AS c
    WHERE 
     (c.ParentCategoryID IS NULL AND c.categoryID = 7) -- when 7 is a top level category, then it is the root level
     OR (c.categoryID = (SELECT c2.parentCategoryID FROM Categories c2 WHERE c2.categoryID = 7)) -- when 7 is some non-top level category, then 7's parent is the root
    UNION ALL
-- Recursive member definition
    SELECT c.ParentCategoryID, c.CategoryID, c.Description, c.Status, 
        Level + 1
    FROM Categories AS c

    INNER JOIN CategoryStructured AS c_parent
        ON c.ParentCategoryID = c_parent.CategoryID
)
-- Statement that executes the CTE
SELECT cs.ParentCategoryID, cs.CategoryID, cs.Description, cs.Status, cs.Level
FROM 
  CategoryStructured cs
WHERE cs.level < 3
ORDER BY cs.level