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I just got a source code file from a friend. The file was created in UNIX. When I opened it in Windows using NotePad++, each line had one extra blank line.
Puzzled, I downloaded Vim and used it to open the file. I then saw a bunch of ^M at the end of each line.
What is this ^M? How do you prevent it from being inserted?
Those are DOS/Windows-style line-endings (to be pedantic that’s what they’re commonly known as now but most early non-UNIX OSes like CP/M and OS/2 had them as well). On the various Unices, line-endings are
\n. In DOS/Windows the line-endings are\r\n(CR+LF or Carriage-Return and Line-Feed). The\ris what shows up as^M. To remove them in vim, I do:You can get the ^M by doing CTRL+V and then CTRL+M
If you are on a UNIX system, you can use
dos2unix.