I know about the (jvm) startup options to have the jvm wait until a debugger is attached – this is not what I mean here.
Is it possible from within Java code to also detect attachment of a debugger, so that I could e.g. write a “script” that is doing some stuff and then at a certain point make my app wait for the debugger?
No. The options are JVM options, and no Javacode is executed before the debugger connects. You can however let the app start, and spinloop on a getter for a variable, which you set from the debugger to let your app continue.