I need to process some images in a real-time situation. I am receiving the images from a camera using OpenCV. The language I use is C++. An example of the images is attached. After applying some threshold filters I have an image like this, Of course there may be some pixel noises here and there, but not that much.

I need to detect the center and the rotation of the squares, and the center of the white circles. I’m totally clueless about how to do it, as it needs to be really fast. The number of the squares can be predefined. Any help would be great, thanks in advance.
Is the following straight forward approch too slow?