Question

I want to create a tar archive with a hierarchical directory structure from Python, using strings for the contents of the files. I’ve read this question , which shows a way of adding strings as files, but not as directories. How can I add directories on the fly to a tar archive without actually making them?

Something like:

archive.tgz:
    file1.txt
    file2.txt
    dir1/
        file3.txt
        dir2/
            file4.txt

Answer 1

Extending the example given in the question linked, you can do it as follows:

import tarfile
import StringIO
import time

tar = tarfile.TarFile("test.tar", "w")

string = StringIO.StringIO()
string.write("hello")
string.seek(0)

info = tarfile.TarInfo(name='dir')
info.type = tarfile.DIRTYPE
info.mode = 0755
info.mtime = time.time()
tar.addfile(tarinfo=info)

info = tarfile.TarInfo(name='dir/foo')
info.size=len(string.buf)
info.mtime = time.time()
tar.addfile(tarinfo=info, fileobj=string)

tar.close()

Be careful with mode attribute since default value might not include execute permissions for the owner of the directory which is needed to change to it and get its contents.