I want to use SSL (https) to secure communication. Is it possible to do it without buying a certificate of some sort?
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You can use a self-signed certificate (google it) but your users will get a message saying the certificate is not valid. The traffic will still be encrypted, however.
The reason you have to pay a third party for a “valid” SSL certificate is that part of the purpose of an SSL certificate is to verify the authenticity of your server. If any body could issue an SSL cert with any information they wanted, what’s to prevent me from setting up an SSL certificate using Walmart.com’s contact information and tricking users into thinking my site is a branch of walmart.com?
In short, you can get the encryption part for free, but if you want to avoid browser identity warnings, you’ll need to pay for a third party cert.