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Asked: 2026-05-11T01:31:04+00:00

I was once asked in an interview ‘What are the 3 main concepts of

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I was once asked in an interview ‘What are the 3 main concepts of OOP?’. I answered by saying that in my opinion there were 4 which are as follows:

  • Inheritance
  • Encapsulation
  • Abstraction
  • Polymorphism

Was I correct?

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  1. There are 3 requirements for a language to be object-oriented:

    • a language that supports only encapsulation (objects) is not object-oriented, but it is modular
    • a language that supports just encapsulation (objects) and message-passing (polymorphism) is not object-oriented, but it is object-based
    • a language that supports encapsulation (objects), message-passing (polymorphism), and inheritance (abstraction), is object-oriented

    NOTE: Abstraction is a much more general concept; encapsulation et al are kinds of abstraction, just as a subroutine is a kind of abstraction. See Abstraction

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