I will build a GIS system based on polygons, not just points. I wanted to use MongoDB or PostGIS.
How do this in MongoDB?

Query A – get the center of a polygon
Query B – distance between two polygons
Query C – list of polygons that are part of a third that I specify
Query D – near-distance of the polygon
Support SRID?
MongoDB’s geospatial indexing currently only indexes points. Although it does support proximity and bounds queries, documents are matched by a single point. You may be able to take advantage of multi-location documents and index multiple points along a polygon, which might support some of your queries with reduced precision; however, that would certainly not be ideal.
PostGIS seems more appropriate for your requirements.