Question

I would like my thread to shut down more gracefully so I am trying to implement a simple signalling mechanism. I don’t think I want a fully event-driven thread so I have a worker with a method to graceully stop it using a critical section Monitor (equivalent to a C# lock I believe):

DrawingThread.h

class DrawingThread {
    bool stopRequested;
    Runtime::Monitor CSMonitor;
    CPInfo *pPInfo;
    //More..
}

DrawingThread.cpp

void DrawingThread::Run() {
    if (!stopRequested)
        //Time consuming call#1
    if (!stopRequested) {
        CSMonitor.Enter();
        pPInfo = new CPInfo(/**/);
        //Not time consuming but pPInfo must either be null or constructed. 
        CSMonitor.Exit();
    }
    if (!stopRequested) {
        pPInfo->foobar(/**/);//Time consuming and can be signalled
    }
    if (!stopRequested) {
        //One more optional but time consuming call.
    }
}


void DrawingThread::RequestStop() {
    CSMonitor.Enter();
    stopRequested = true;
    if (pPInfo) pPInfo->RequestStop();
    CSMonitor.Exit();
}

I understand (at least in Windows) Monitor/locks are the least expensive thread synchronization primitive but I am keen to avoid overuse. Should I be wrapping each read of this boolean flag? It is initialized to false and only set once to true when stop is requested (if it is requested before the task completes).

My tutors advised to protect even bool‘s because read/writing may not be atomic. I think this one shot flag is the exception that proves the rule?

Answer 1

It is never OK to read something possibly modified in a different thread without synchronization. What level of synchronization is needed depends on what you are actually reading. For primitive types, you should have a look at atomic reads, e.g. in the form of std::atomic<bool>.

The reason synchronization is always needed is that the processors will have the data possibly shared in a cache line. It has no reason to update this value to a value possibly changed in a different thread if there is no synchronization. Worse, yet, if there is no synchronization it may write the wrong value if something stored close to the value is changed and synchronized.