Question

I would like to know how.

I have looked at this topic, and I understand that “The choice of type is implementation-defined.”, but I am curious to know how to get 1 instead of 4.

Answer 1

C++11 introduced a way to change the underlying type of an enum.

enum foo : char { ... };
enum class foo : char { ... };

Still, you’re probably better off with using the default int in most cases.