Question

I’d like to take input such as:

[1,2,4,5,6,7,9,13]

and turn it into something like the following:

[[1,2],[4,7],[9,9],[13,13]]

Each sub-array represents a range of integers.

Answer 1

Functional approach using Enumerable#chunk:

ranges = [1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, 13]
  .enum_for(:chunk) # .chunk for Ruby >= 2.4
  .with_index { |x, idx| x - idx }
  .map { |_diff, group| [group.first, group.last] }

#=> [[1, 2], [4, 7], [9, 9], [13, 13]]

How it works: once indexed, consecutive elements in the array have the same x - idx, so we use that value to chunk (grouping of consecutive items) the input array. Finally we just need to take the first and last elements of each group to build the pairs.