Question

If I want to implement some conditional code that can be implemented in both of the ways. Then which way is better conditional operator ?: or if..then..else??

Answer 1

It depends. In general, you want the major flow of activity to
be represented in the structure of the code. If the key point
of the algorithm is that the variable x is initialized, then
the best solution is to use the conditional operator:

x = condition ? f1() : f2();

If the decision is the critical issue for understanding what is
going on, then you’ll prefer the if. In practice, this means
that when both are reasonably possible, you’ll use ?:. The
key being “reasonably”—if you find that you’re using the
comma operator in the subexpressions, of the subexpressions have
side effects, then using ?: is probably not “reasonable”.

EDIT:

When you do use the ?: operator, in all but the simplest
cases, you should format it exactly as you would an if, e.g.:

x = condition
    ? complex_expression_1
    : complex_expression_2;

I do this regularly. (There’s a special case where I’ll push
it: if I can reduce the entire function down to a single return
statement. I still won’t allow side effects of the comma
operator, but I will sometimes use more complicated expressions
than I otherwise would.)