If we want to make a web application/website and want maximum compatibility
Will a website made using HTML and any server side language (PHP, .net, ruby) work on each device which has browser? No CSS, No JS, No Images.
Will it cover at-least 90% of devices which can connect to internet and have web browsers?
Basically, what a server side language does is decide what HTML to send to the client (at its most basic). A client will never see any of the actual server side code. This means that compatibility is determined by the HTML that is output by the server side language, not what language was used to create the HTML.
So the answer to your actual questions would be, yes any server side language and yes it would cover at least 90% of devices that are able to render HTML (depending on the validity of the HTML).