Question

I’m really trying to switch to emacs, but learning to setup the environment is a real pain.
Everybody says it’s worth it, so I just continue.

I want my c code to be implemented that way:

if(asdf)
{
    asdr = 1;
}

Depending on the current standard (I know, don’t get me started), could be:

if(asdf) {
    asdr = 1;
}

I can’t seem to change the indentation size from 2, it always looks like the GNU standard:

if(asdf)
  {
    asdr = 1;
  }

, which I dislike.
Here is what I have put in my .emacs:

; Warn in C for while();, if(x=0), ...
(global-cwarn-mode 1)

; no electric mode in c
(c-toggle-electric-state -1)
; indent the current line only if the cursor is at the beginning of the line
(setq-default c-tab-always-indent nil)
(setq-default c-indent-level 4)
(setq-default tab-width 4)
(setq-default indent-tabs-mode nil)
(setq-default c-basic-offset 4)
(setq-default c-basic-indent 4)
; These commands I read about on the web, but they don't work?
;(highlight-tabs)
;(highlight-trailing_whitespace)

This did not help, I have still the GNU indent.
Anyone?

— EDIT TO ADD MY WHOLE .emacs (actually ~/.emacs.d/init.el)

; directory to put various el files into
(add-to-list 'load-path "C:/Program/emacs-22.3/includes")

; loads ruby mode when a .rb file is opened.
(autoload 'ruby-mode "ruby-mode" "Major mode for editing ruby scripts." t)
(setq auto-mode-alist  (cons '(".rb$" . ruby-mode) auto-mode-alist))
(setq auto-mode-alist  (cons '(".rhtml$" . html-mode) auto-mode-alist))

(add-hook 'ruby-mode-hook
          (lambda()
            (add-hook 'local-write-file-hooks
                      '(lambda()
                         (save-excursion
                           (untabify (point-min) (point-max))
                           (delete-trailing-whitespace)
                           )))
            (set (make-local-variable 'indent-tabs-mode) 'nil)
            (set (make-local-variable 'tab-width) 2)
            (imenu-add-to-menubar "IMENU")
            (define-key ruby-mode-map "\C-m" 'newline-and-indent) ;Not sure if this line is 100% right but it works!
            (require 'ruby-electric)
            (ruby-electric-mode t)
            ))

; Install mode-compile to give friendlier compiling support!
(autoload 'mode-compile "mode-compile"
   "Command to compile current buffer file based on the major mode" t)
(global-set-key "\C-cc" 'mode-compile)
(autoload 'mode-compile-kill "mode-compile"
 "Command to kill a compilation launched by `mode-compile'" t)
(global-set-key "\C-ck" 'mode-compile-kill)


(show-paren-mode 1)

; Color theme
(require 'color-theme)
(color-theme-pok-wog)
;;Emacs.pane.menubar.* does not seem to work? 
;Emacs.pane.menubar.background: darkGrey
;Emacs.pane.menubar.foreground: black


; Default font 9 pt
(set-face-attribute 'default nil :height 80)

(custom-set-variables
  ;; custom-set-variables was added by Custom.
  ;; If you edit it by hand, you could mess it up, so be careful.
  ;; Your init file should contain only one such instance.
  ;; If there is more than one, they won't work right.
 )
(custom-set-faces
  ;; custom-set-faces was added by Custom.
  ;; If you edit it by hand, you could mess it up, so be careful.
  ;; Your init file should contain only one such instance.
  ;; If there is more than one, they won't work right.
 '(font-lock-comment-face ((t (:foreground "limegreen" :slant oblique))))
 '(font-lock-preprocessor-face ((t (:inherit font-lock-builtin-face :foreground "orange" :weight bold)))))


(global-set-key [C-tab] 'other-window)
(global-set-key [C-S-tab] (lambda () (interactive) (other-window -1)))

(defun linux-c-mode ()
  "C mode with adjusted defaults for use with the Linux 
kernel."
  (interactive)
  (c-mode)
  (setq c-indent-level 8)
  (setq c-brace-imaginary-offset 0)
  (setq c-brace-offset -8)
  (setq c-argdecl-indent 8)
  (setq c-label-offset -8)
  (setq c-continued-statement-offset 8)
  (setq indent-tabs-mode nil)
  (setq tab-width 8))


; Warn in C for while();, if(x=0), ...
(global-cwarn-mode 1)

; no electric mode in c
(c-toggle-electric-state -1)
; indent the current line only if the cursor is at the beginning of the line
(setq-default c-tab-always-indent nil)
(setq-default c-indent-level 4)
(setq-default tab-width 4)
(setq indent-tabs-mode nil)
(setq-default c-basic-offset 4)
(setq-default c-basic-indent 4)
; These commands I read about on the web, but they don't work?
;(highlight-tabs)
;(highlight-trailing_whitespace)
(setq indent-tabs-mode nil)
(setq c-default-style "user")


;; Remove lull: scroll bar, tool bar, menu bar.
(if (fboundp 'scroll-bar-mode) (scroll-bar-mode -1))
(if (fboundp 'tool-bar-mode) (tool-bar-mode -1))
(if (fboundp 'menu-bar-mode) (menu-bar-mode -1))


;; restore window size as it was at previous use
(defun restore-saved-window-size()
  (unless (load "~/.emacs.d/whsettings" t nil t)
    (setq saved-window-size '(80 30)))
  (nconc default-frame-alist `((width . ,(car saved-window-size))
                   (height . ,(cadr saved-window-size)))))

(restore-saved-window-size)

(defun save-window-size-if-changed (&optional unused)
  (let ((original-window-size  `(,(frame-width) ,(frame-height))))
    (unless (equal original-window-size saved-window-size)
      (with-temp-buffer
        (setq saved-window-size original-window-size) 
        (insert (concat "(setq saved-window-size '"
                        (prin1-to-string saved-window-size) ")"))
        (write-file "~/.emacs.d/whsettings")))))

(add-hook 'window-size-change-functions 'save-window-size-if-changed)

;; Ack as a replacment for grep
(global-set-key "\M-s" 'ack)
(require 'ack)

Answer 1

Your defaults are possibly being overridden by cc-mode‘s style feature.

Try initialising the default style like this:

(setq c-default-style '((java-mode . "java") (awk-mode . "awk") (other . "user")))

You should be able to paste the preceding line into your .emacs file, or customize the c-default-style variable. The default has (other "gnu") as the last element of the list, which means that all non-Java and non-awk files get the gnu style instead of what you set with setq. The special user style gets initialised from your manually-set style variables.

Another option is to pick one of the built-in styles instead of defining it yourself, or to create your own style using the c-add-style function. To do this, change "user" in the above command to the name of the style (as a string). Try the the stroustrup or python built-in styles to format if-statements how you want.