I’m taking a crypto course, and we’re going over substitution ciphers and their Key space.
per the instructor, the key space is 26! (approx 2^88) for the English alphabet. there is no reference to key length, probably because a subst cipher’s length would be a function of the length of the alphabet, just as the number of options would.
per wikipedia the keyspace is the set of all possible keys of a certian length, and is calculated in the same way brute force try counts would be options^length or in this case 26^26.
so what am I not getting here?
If your key is a set of digits, options^length is correct. Every digit may occur several times.
If your key is an alphabet, Factorial N is correct. Say, you want to place the A first. You have 26 options. After that, you have only 25 options for the B because A already occupies one. 24 For the C and so on.
26*25*24*…*1 = 26!