Question

I’m trying to write a bash script and I needed to do some floating point math. Basically I want to do something like this:

NUM=$(echo "scale=25;$1/10" | bc)
if [ $? -ne 0 ]
then
echo bad
fi

The problem I’m running into is $? tends to hold the output from the echo program and not the bc call. Is there a way I save the output from the bc program into a variable?

EDIT:

Thanks for the quick replies. Here’s another way of looking at the problem. Say I modified the script a little bit so it looks like this:

#!/bin/bash
NUM=$(echo "scale=25;$1/10" | bc)
if [ $? -ne 0 ]
then
echo bad
exit
fi
echo "$NUM"

When the user inputs a normal floating point value, it works fine:

bash script.sh 1.0

output:

.1000000000000000000000000

However, when the user enters an incorrect value, the script can’t recover:

bash script.sh 1.0a

output:

(standard_in) 1: parse error

What I’m trying to do is get it to exit gracefully.

Answer 1

I don’t see anything wrong. $NUM is supposed to hold your bc command results

see:

NUM=$(echo "scale=25;$1/10" | bc)
echo "\$? is $?"
echo "NUM is $NUM"

output

$ ./shell.sh 10
$? is 0
NUM is 1.0000000000000000000000000

another way is to use awk

NUM=$(awk -vinput="$1" 'BEGIN{printf "%.25f", input/10 }')
echo "\$? is $?"
echo "NUM is $NUM"

The other way, is to do the check of “$1” before you pass to bc. eg

shopt -s extglob
input="$1"
case "$input" in
 +([0-9.]))
     IFS="."; set -- $input
     if [ $# -ne 2 ];then
        echo "bad decimal"
     else
        NUM=$(echo "scale=25;$1/10" | bc  )
        echo "$NUM"
     fi
esac

you don’t have to check for $? from bc anymore