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Asked: 2026-05-25T00:59:05+00:00

I’m using robolectric to test an activity that makes use of Google Analytics. Unfortunately,

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I’m using robolectric to test an activity that makes use of Google Analytics. Unfortunately, whenever I try to start up the activity I get the following exception

android.database.SQLException
        at com.xtremelabs.robolectric.shadows.ShadowSQLiteDatabase.execSQL(ShadowSQLiteDatabase.java:149)
        at android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase.execSQL(SQLiteDatabase.java)
        at com.google.android.apps.analytics.PersistentEventStore$DataBaseHelper.onCreate(Unknown Source)
        at com.xtremelabs.robolectric.shadows.ShadowSQLiteOpenHelper.getWritableDatabase(ShadowSQLiteOpenHelper.java:52)
        at android.database.sqlite.SQLiteOpenHelper.getWritableDatabase(SQLiteOpenHelper.java)
        at com.google.android.apps.analytics.PersistentEventStore.<init>(Unknown Source)
        at com.google.android.apps.analytics.GoogleAnalyticsTracker.start(Unknown Source)
        at com.google.android.apps.analytics.GoogleAnalyticsTracker.start(Unknown Source)
        ...
Caused by: org.h2.jdbc.JdbcSQLException: Syntax error in SQL statement "CREATE TABLE EVENTS ( 'event_id'[*] BIGINT(19) PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT NOT NULL, 'user_id' BIGINT(19) NOT NULL, 'account_id' CHAR(256) NOT NULL, 'random_val' BIGINT(19) NOT NULL, 'timestamp_first' BIGINT(19) NOT NULL, 'timestamp_previous' BIGINT(19) NOT NULL, 'timestamp_current' BIGINT(19) NOT NULL, 'visits' BIGINT(19) NOT NULL, 'category' CHAR(256) NOT NULL, 'action' CHAR(256) NOT NULL, 'label' CHAR(256),  'value' BIGINT(19), 'screen_width' BIGINT(19), 'screen_height' BIGINT(19)); "; expected "identifier"; SQL statement:
CREATE TABLE events ( 'event_id' bigint(19) PRIMARY KEY auto_increment NOT NULL, 'user_id' bigint(19) NOT NULL, 'account_id' CHAR(256) NOT NULL, 'random_val' bigint(19) NOT NULL, 'timestamp_first' bigint(19) NOT NULL, 'timestamp_previous' bigint(19) NOT NULL, 'timestamp_current' bigint(19) NOT NULL, 'visits' bigint(19) NOT NULL, 'category' CHAR(256) NOT NULL, 'action' CHAR(256) NOT NULL, 'label' CHAR(256),  'value' bigint(19), 'screen_width' bigint(19), 'screen_height' bigint(19)); [42001-147]
        at org.h2.message.DbException.getJdbcSQLException(DbException.java:327)
        at org.h2.message.DbException.get(DbException.java:167)
        at org.h2.message.DbException.getSyntaxError(DbException.java:192)
        at org.h2.command.Parser.readColumnIdentifier(Parser.java:2694)
        at org.h2.command.Parser.parseCreateTable(Parser.java:4975)
        at org.h2.command.Parser.parseCreate(Parser.java:3705)
        at org.h2.command.Parser.parsePrepared(Parser.java:320)
        at org.h2.command.Parser.parse(Parser.java:275)
        at org.h2.command.Parser.parse(Parser.java:247)
        at org.h2.command.Parser.prepare(Parser.java:201)
        at org.h2.command.Parser.prepareCommand(Parser.java:214)
        at org.h2.engine.Session.prepareLocal(Session.java:425)
        at org.h2.engine.Session.prepareCommand(Session.java:374)
        at org.h2.jdbc.JdbcConnection.prepareCommand(JdbcConnection.java:1056)
        at org.h2.jdbc.JdbcStatement.executeInternal(JdbcStatement.java:165)
        at org.h2.jdbc.JdbcStatement.execute(JdbcStatement.java:153)
        at com.xtremelabs.robolectric.shadows.ShadowSQLiteDatabase.execSQL(ShadowSQLiteDatabase.java:147)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
        at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
        at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
        at com.xtremelabs.robolectric.bytecode.ShadowWrangler.methodInvoked(ShadowWrangler.java:87)
        at com.xtremelabs.robolectric.bytecode.RobolectricInternals.methodInvoked(RobolectricInternals.java:110)
        at android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase.execSQL(SQLiteDatabase.java)
        at com.google.android.apps.analytics.PersistentEventStore$DataBaseHelper.onCreate(Unknown Source)
        at com.xtremelabs.robolectric.shadows.ShadowSQLiteOpenHelper.getWritableDatabase(ShadowSQLiteOpenHelper.java:52)

The problem is that Android uses SQLite databases, but robolectric is using H2 which support a slightly different flavor of SQL.

What’s the easiest way to get around this problem?

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1 Answer

  1. Editorial Team

    Robolectric now provides the @UsingDatabaseMap annotation so that other databases can easily be used with Roboelectric. (Currently this requires the SNAPSHOT version of Robolectric, Robolectric-1.0-RC5-SNAPSHOT)

    If anyone wishes to use SQLite with Robolectric, I recommend they check out my project on github which provides the SQLiteMap class so one can use SQLite with Robolectric.

    https://github.com/cessationoftime/robolectric-sqlite/wiki

    The result is test classes annotated to use the SQLite database instead of H2:

    @UsingDatabaseMap(SQLiteMap.class)
@RunWith(RobolectricTestRunner.class)
public class DaoTest {
    @Test
    public void RobolectricSQLiteTest() {
    }
}
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