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Asked: 2026-06-05T16:23:24+00:00

I’m working on my assignment of PHP course. The problem that I don’t understand

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I’m working on my assignment of PHP course.

The problem that I don’t understand is that I’m keep getting extra lines when I actually use the function to all the parts.

Like on my index.php page

<?php include('library.php') ?>
<?php top_header(); ?>

And here is my function top_header codes from library.php

<?php function top_header(){ ?>
<?php echo '<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>'; ?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-US" lang="en-US">
<head><title></title></head>
<body>
<?php } ?>

So when I use the validation the check my codes it says that the xml doctype has to be on the 1st line and when I check my source code I see that is not on the first line. I have remove and recreate the page two times now (first it was on the 4th line now it is 2nd line)

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1 Answer

  1. Editorial Team

    There is a line break between the first two lines:

    <?php include('library.php') ?>
<?php top_header(); ?>

    And this line break actually generates the first empty line!

    Use the following:

    <?php
    include('library.php');
    top_header();
?>

    and everything works fine 🙂

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