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In C i can use the char *fgets(char *s, int size, FILE *stream) function to read user input from stdin. But the size of the user input is limited to size.
How can i read user input of variable size?
In C you are responsible for your buffers, and responsible for their size. So you can not have some dynamic buffer ready for you.
So the only solution is to use a loop (either of fgets or fgetc – depends on your processing and on your stop condition)
If you go beyond C to C++, you will find that you can accept std::string objects of variable sizes (there you need to deal with word and/or line termination instead – and loop again)