In eclipse I can include things like the following in the vm args or program args in a launch configuration:
-Dsome.system.property=${string.prompt:explanation:default}
When you run this, you get a string prompt in a little pop up showing the explanation text and ready with the default, and it allows you to inject properties easily and per run of the application.
I use it a lot for things like specifying whether I want a dev or test instance of the application. You can also do ${env_var:ENVIRONMENT_VARIABLE_NAME} to pick up machine specific config, useful for sharing these launch configs between developers.
Is this, or anything similar, supported in IntelliJ Idea? Are there plugins that provide this functionality?
There is no direct equivalent in IntelliJ. To make it easier to share configurations or other project settings between multiple developers, you can use path variables (Settings | Path Variables, see the Help for more information). To customize the options before launching the run configuration, enable the “Before launch | Show Settings” option in the run configuration settings.