In terms of performance and scalability which one would be a better method to do one to many mappings in MySQL.
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Using a separate column but sticking to 2 tables:
(person) : id, name
(phone) : id, number, type, person_id
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Using a separate table:
(person) : id, name
(phone) : id, number, type
(person_phone) : id, person_id, phone_id
There’s only one correct answer to this, and it’s the first one.
The second of your ideas is how you model many-to-many relationships, not one-to-many.