Question

ip=ntohl(*(uint32_t*)PQgetvalue(result, i, 0));

What is the meaning of this code segment?

My guess is that this code takes an input from PostgreSQL database (its type is uint32_t) and converts it to IP format (e.g. 192.168.x.x)

Is my guess correct? If not, what does it mean?

Note: According to http://linux.die.net/man/3/ntohl:

The ntohl() function converts the unsigned integer netlong from network byte order to host byte order.

Also, could somebody explain what *(uint32_t*) does?

Answer 1

According to the docs:

For most queries, the value returned by PQgetvalue is a null-terminated ASCII
string representation of the attribute value. But if PQbinaryTuples() is TRUE,
the value returned by PQgetvalue is the binary representation of the type 
in the internal format of the backend server

I guess PQbinaryTuples is true there.

PQGetvalue() returns a char * as per the docs. (uint32_t *) will turn that char * into a pointer to an unsinged 32 bit integer, the * before that will dereference this to get the actual value (an unsigned, 32bit integer), and finally ntohl will convert that into a native 32bit integer for the platform, which presumably means that the original storing format is in network order.

If we were to “split” that code, that would give:

// Get value from database as a char *
char *in_database = PQgetvalue(result, i, 0);
// Convert the pointer to char to a pointer to an unsigned, 32bit integer
uint32_t *ptr = (uint32_t *) in_database;
// Dereference that pointer to obtain the actually stored value
uint32_t stored_value = *ptr;
// Turn that value to a native integer for the CPU
uint32_t ip = ntohl(stored_value);