Is it possible to tell make to only build a target if it’s sources md5 checksum has changed (instead of the edit time)?
I’m using make to compile my .tex files and I need to prevent it from building everything twice all the time.
I’ve tried using Scons, but I feel this isn’t adaptable to other needs I have.
No, this is not supported by Make — as you’ve found out, support for this feature is one of the reasons why tools like Scons exist.
I found a manual recipe for GNU make, though. Maybe you can use that as a work around.