Question

Is there any way to check the granularity of gettimeofday() function provided by POSIX?

Answer 1

Call it in a tight loop, note the difference between the current value and the previous one when it changes. Something like the following:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/time.h>

int main()
{
        struct timeval timevals[2];
        int cur = 0;
        while (1) {
                gettimeofday(&timevals[cur], NULL);
                int diff = timevals[cur].tv_usec - timevals[!cur].tv_usec;
                if (diff)
                        printf("%d\n", diff);
                cur = !cur;
        }
}

On my system it seems the granularity is around 2 usec (about 50/50 one or two microseconds, with outliers in the hundreds or thousands that are likely due to task switching).