It is said [Software Defect ReductionTop 10 List] that, ‘about 40 to 50 percent of user programs contain nontrivial defects’.
What are some nontrivial defects and how to overcome them?
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I would interpret “non-trivial” as “has a real impact on the user”.
For instance, if a menu item has a typo in it, that would be a trivial defect. If your spreadsheet application crashed when it tried to save any sheet with the number “999” in, that would be non-trivial.
I’d be hugely surprised if the number was really as low as 40-50%. In my experience pretty much every signficant application has non-trivial defects, even if they’re rarely encountered. (If I’m the only user in the world who uses the number 999 in a spreadsheet, the bug is still hugely important to me so I don’t think it can be classed as trivial.)
As for “overcoming” defects – the normal barrage of unit tests, continuous build, automated integration tests, manual testing, making sure you have a really good user feedback system, and management who are willing to put resources into fixing bugs as well as creating new features.