I’ve been trying to find the documentation to say how long an app keeps running with an iPhone locked, and how long a network connection stays active.
I’m trying to verify that one of our network connections gets handled correctly once the app has been put to sleep and lost network connectivity
It’s not based on when the phone locks, it’s based on when your application goes in to the background (which locking the phone will do, but so will lots of other things).
short answer: 10 mins.
long answer: there’s a variety of special background behaviors, (for VOIP, music streaming, and a few others). Since you didn’t say what you’re doing, i’m going to assume they don’t apply.